How accurate Lizzie is - the true murder story is a bit more complicated (2024)

The case of Lizzie Borden is infamous in American crime history.

She became something of an iconic figure after she was accused of murdering her father and step-mother in a bloody murder in late 19th century Massachusetts.

It is widely believed that Lizzie murdered her parents with a hatchet, repeatedly bludgeoning them in their heads, before famously being acquitted of the murders, despite evidence being stacked up against her.

A media frenzy erupted in the aftermath of the killings, only dwarfed by O.J. Simpson a century later.

A new film, Lizzie, has been released starring Chloe Sevigny as the murderess, which takes more of a feminist and human approach to the apparent killer.

But just how accurate is the film?

Lizzie Borden's family life

Lizzie Andrew Borden was born in Fall River Massachusetts to Andrew Jackson Borden (played by Jamey Sheridan in the film) and Sarah Anthony Borden.

As portrayed in the film, Andrew was a wealthy man but was known for his frugality: the Borden home was without electricity and plumbing.

Lizzie had an elder sister, Emma Lenora Borden, played by Kim Dickens in the film.

After Sarah's death, Andrew married Abby Durfee Fray, who Lizzie referred to as "Mrs Borden". In the film she is portrayed by actress Fiona Shaw.

Lizzie is believed to have had a dislike for Abby, believing she married her father for his wealth.

Lizzie and Emma rarely ate with their father and step-mother.

It would be from this status quo that tensions arose, with Lizzie's increased involvement in contemporary social movements.

Lizzie and Emma took extended vacations away from their father after their dispute, and even purchased rental property off of him to sell back to gain independence.

The arrival of the sisters' maternal uncle, John Vinnicum Morse (Denis O'Hare in the film), aggravated relations further, as some believe that he would be who their father would hand their future inheritance over to.

Did Lizzie Borden have pet pigeons?

The film portrays Lizzie as being very close to her pet pigeons, which she built a coop for.

An act that furthered estrangement between Lizzie and her father in the film was him murdering the pigeons, leaving her devastated.

In real life, Andrew is said to have justified his actions to stop children hunting them on their land, but rumour has perpetuated that she was grief-stricken and angered by his actions.

Is Irish maid Bridget Sullivan real?

The Bordens did have a 25-year-old Irish maid named Bridget "Maggie" Sullivan, who is played by Kristen Stewart.

The film portrays Bridget as being sexually abused by her employer Andrew Borden on a regular basis.

Additionally, the film shows a close relationship between Lizzie and Bridget, which spills over into a romantic affair, with Andrew catching them in a sexual encounter, and then forbidding their relationship.

Bridget is united with Lizzie throughout the film, but their relationship does not survive the horrors to come.

Much of Bridget's involvement in the murders and relationship with Lizzie is based on speculation, with Lizzie rumoured to be a lesbian in later life.

Ed McBain, author of the 1984 novel Lizzie, speculates that it was their lesbian relationship and their discovery by Abby and then Andrew that triggered the murders.

Others suspect that perhaps Bridget was the killer herself, but we have no way of knowing.

Lizzie's murder timeline

The film has an accurate timeline of the killings, in line with detectives and the testimonies of Lizzie and Bridget.

On August 4, 1893, between 9am and 10.30am, Abby Borden was in the guest room of the house on the second floor that John Morse had slept in.

She was making the bed, before she received a hatched to the side of her head, cutting her above the ear.

She hit the floor and injured her nose and forehead, before an additional 17 blows to the back of the head finished her off.

Morse had already left to visit a niece in Fall River, while Andrew took a morning walk,

He returned at around 10.30am but could not get in with his keys.

Bridget let him in, but the door was jammed and she swore.

Andrew then sat down on a sofa and Lizzie removed his boots for his nap.

Lizzie gave Bridget permission to go to a department store sale, but Bridget - who had been cleaning windows that morning in the heat - took a nap in her room on the third-floor.

Bridget was awoken by screams from Lizzie at around 11.10am, as she shouted: "Maggie, come quick! Father's dead. Somebody came in and killed him."

Andrew was slumped on a couch in the downstairs sitting room, struck 10-11 times with a hatched-like weapon. He was estimated to have been killed at 11am.

Murder investigation

The film does not go into too much detail regarding the investigation, as there were a number of pieces of poor practice involved.

Not included are the accounts of Lizzie and Emma's friend Alice Russell, who found Lizzie tearing up a dress that was supposedly ruined by paint, which she says she was planning on burning.

Lizzie's testimonies changed erratically during the inquest, likely due to the morphine she was being administered.

The decision to dose Lizzie up on morphine was taken to treat her agitation and distress that she was experiencing at the time.

The District Attorney's aggression towards Lizzie and imprisonment before trial was not portrayed in detail in the film.

Lizzie's trial

The trial of Lizzie Borden is only featured in a few scenes in the film, mostly focusing on the testimony of Bridget Sullivan, where she defended Lizzie.

This does appear to be accurate, but was also based on rumour that Bridget confessed on her deathbed that she lied and changed her testimony to protect the guilty Lizzie.

Was Lizzie acquitted?

The film accurately portrays Lizzie's acquittal and Bridget moving away for a new life away from Massachusetts.

The ostracizaion of Lizzie in Fall River, where she remained thereafter, and her estrangement from sister Emma is not portrayed in the film, but is discussed in the post-script.

The portrayal of the murders

The film shows a naked Lizzie murder Abby, and it implies Bridget was aware of the plan.

Bridget - also naked - comes in intending to murder Andrew.

However, Bridget cannot go through with the murder, prompting Lizzie to kill him herself (with a horrified Bridget witnessing it), whilst wearing a dress that she later burns.

This is all speculation and artistic license, but a portrayal based on the historical evidence and rumour regarding Lizzie and Bridget's relationship.

Lizzie is in cinemas now.

How accurate Lizzie is - the true murder story is a bit more complicated (2024)

References

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